SPM Biology · 2025 · Johor · Percubaan Kertas 1 (Johor)

A biologist studies deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Which biologist studies about this?

Diagram 1 shows the structure of an organelle. Which process occurred in that cell component?

What will happen if there is no goblet cells in the epithelial tissue of the respiratory tract?

Diagram 2 shows an experiment. What is the process that occurs in the experiment?

A dehydrated patient is given an isotonic solution via an intravenous drip by a medical officer. Why is isotonic solution used in this situation?

Diagram 3 shows the formation of lipids. What are P and Q?

Diagram 4 shows the 'lock and key' hypothesis of enzyme action. Based on the diagram, what characteristic does this enzyme show?

Enzyme activity in the alimentary canal is affected by temperature. Which of the following will occur when someone has high fever?

Diagram 5 shows a phase in the cell division. Name the phase.

The following information shows the characteristics of a child with a genetic disorder: Slanted eyes; Protruding tongue. What is the cause of this genetic disorder?

Which activities will cause the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles? I. Sit in the chair; II. Marathon; III. Play badminton; IV. Read the book

Diagram 6 shows the respiratory structure of a cockroach. What are the structures labelled X, Y and Z?

Diagram 7 shows respiratory system of an insect. What is the advantage of having structure J to the respiratory system of the insect?

Diagram 8 shows the human digestive system. Which of the part labelled A, B, C and D, does the digestion of protein starts?

Diagram 9 shows the structure found in the ileum. Which of the following is the effect on the function of ileum if structure Q is damaged by viral infection?

Diagram 10 shows one of the stages in the pumping of the heart. Which of the following statement is correct about the stage?

A patient has a blockage in his left coronary artery. He often feels tired and experiences chest pain when doing physical activity. What is the main effect on the transport system in this patient's body?

Mucous membrane is the component of the first line of defense in human body. Which of the following is correct about the role of mucous membrane?

The following information is about disease related to human nervous system. G: The brain becomes hyperactive, Unable to focus. H: Neurodevelopment disorders in the brain, Having trouble in communicating and interacting. What are disease G and H?

Which of the following is correct about the regulation of body temperature when the body temperature drops below the normal range?

Diagram 11 shows the health issues of human musculoskeletal system experienced by pregnant women because of lack of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D in daily nutrition. What is the health problem?

Diagram 12 shows the growth curve of a grasshopper. Which of the following occurs during process Y?

Diagram 13 shows an application known as Menstrual Period Tracker in the smartphone of a woman in the month of January 2025. 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 (Jan) Which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following cells forms the basic tissues in plants?

Which of the following statements are true about the adaptations of the internal structure of a leaf for photosynthesis? I. There are stomata on the upper epidermis of the leaf; II. Leaves are held by petioles and arranged in mozaic pattern; III. Palisade mesophyll cell contains many chloroplast; IV. There are large air spaces between spongy mesophyll cells

Mr Aziz found that his spinach plants have nutrient deficiency problem. He uses egg shells as natural fertiliser for his spinach plants. Which of the following is the nutrient deficiency problem at his spinach plants?

Which of the following shows adaptation of xylem vessel?

Diagram 14 shows production of tomatoes for commercial purpose by using phytohormone. What are Hormone P and Hormone Q?

Diagram 15 shows a structure of a flower that develops into a fruit after fertilisation. Which statement is correct about the development of the fruit after fertilisation?

Diagram 16 shows a longitudinal section of a flower. The flower is cut at X. Which statement explains why the ovary does not develop into a fruit?

Diagram 17 shows a type of submerged plant, Elodea sp. This plant has thin and small leaves. What is the importance of these characteristics?

Diagram 18 shows a type of plant that lives in a hot and dry habitat. How do adaptive leaf structural features help xerophytic plants reduce water loss?

Diagram 19 shows some of the processes in the nitrogen cycle. What are the main functions of bacteria A, B and C in the nitrogen cycle?

In an ecosystem, energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis by green plants. This energy is then transferred to animals that eat the plants. What is the role of plants in the ecosystem based on the statement above?

A group of students conducted an ecological study in a grassland. Table 35 shows the data obtained.

Based on the data above, estimate the size of the locust population in the area?

Diagram 20 shows fish in a river dying. What human activity caused the situation?

A dihybrid cross: Tall, red flowering pea trees are bred with dwarf, white flowering pea trees. All plants in the first generation (F1) are tall and red flowering. Which statements are correct? I. Tall characteristic is recessive to dwarf and white characteristic is dominant to red; II. All plants in the F1 generation are homozygotes; III. The parent genotype can be represented as TTMM and ttmm, while the F1 genotype is heterozygotes; IV. Both parents are purebred for the characteristics studied

Which of the following is a type of chromosomal structural change that causes chromosomal aberrations? I. Translocation; II. Inversion; III. Insertion; IV. Replacement

Diagram 39(a) shows one type of fingerprint pattern while Diagram 39(b) shows two individuals with different physical characteristics (e.g. different skin colour). What is the main cause of both types of variation?

Diagram 40 shows genetic engineering techniques in the production of insulin. Based on Diagram 40, what is the effect if ligase does not work?